The idea of the bilateral conference “Aesthetics and Cultu-res. The 1st Polish-Japanese Meeting: Exchanging Experi-ences” was initiated by the Polish Society of Aesthetics and firmly supported by the Japanese Society for Aesthetics. It was for the first time that the PSA organized a mutual con-ference concerning intercultural studies in aesthetics. A question arises why it is that the remote Japan become the first partner on the path of developing a tradition of bilateral conferences between two countries representing two different cultures. This book tries, at least to a certain extent, to answer the question. Although aesthetics is one discipline among others, this “small window” opens the broad perspective on art, theory of art as well as on all cultural phenomena, espe-cially those that are today in the process of intensive aesthetization.